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    人胚胎干细胞诱导产生之心肌细胞集群的新筛选方法,可用于评估QT间隔所受影响程度

          问题:在心肌细胞复极化延迟研究中,常利用人胚胎干细胞诱导产生的心肌细胞集群进行药物的筛选。但由于诱导所获得的不同心肌细胞集群对离子通道阻塞(或激活)的反应(QT间隔)差别很大,因此,直接诱导产生的心肌细胞不能很好应用于药物的筛选。那是否有快捷有效获得符合要求细胞集群的方法呢?
     
          当前,心血管疾病已成为人类健康的最大威胁。在生物医学研究领域,开发有效改善心脏机能,促进心血管疾病症状改善的药物成为研究者关注的热点。
    来自日本Eisai公司的研究人员Yamazaki K等人,利用平面微电极阵列记录系统(MED64),开发了一种新颖的方法,能够方便获得符合要求的细胞集群,从而建立能够评价QT间隔所受影响程度的体系。
          在初期实验中,研究者发现,由人类胚胎干细胞诱导产生的心肌集群细胞,其QT间隔等场电位时程(FPD)对hERG通道阻塞剂的应答,可以有无应答到过度反应的极大区别。因此,
    他们利用100nM浓度的Cisapride(一种hERG通道阻塞剂)处理细胞集群,利用平面微电极阵列记录系统(MED64)选取FPDc延长的5-20%区域作为标准,筛选细胞。然后,对所获得符合标准的细胞集群孵育目的化合物。
          通过上述方法获得的细胞集群,适用于评价化合物作用于离子通道,从而影响QT间隔的研究。这是目前最早报道的,利用MED64检测电位改变,筛选获得合适细胞集群,从而建立一个能够评价QT间隔所受影响程度的方法。
          Yamazaki K等人的研究,为利用诱导产生的细胞进行药物筛选提供了一种更加完善的体系。快速、准确获得药物对目的细胞的作用效果,将成为现实。
     
    平面微电极阵列记录系统(MED64)是当前进行离体电生理研究的最佳助手,MED64已经成功应用于:
    •       中枢神经系统:如大脑皮层、海马体、视网膜、视交叉上核、杏仁核;
    •       周围神经系统:如背根神经节
    •       心肌 (心房、心室、心肌细胞)和其它易兴奋组织(如平滑肌)
    •       急性脑切片, 切片外植体和分离培养物.
     
     
    A novel method of selecting human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte clusters for assessment of potential to influence QT interval.
    Yamazaki K, Hihara T, Taniguchi T, Kohmura N, Yoshinaga T, Ito M, Sawada K.
    SourceEisai Product Creation Systems, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan.
     
    Abstract
    Physiologically relevant assessment of delayed repolarization is necessary in drug development. In our preliminary experiments on the evaluation using a multielectrode recording system, we had found that the responsiveness of field potential duration (FPD), as QT-like intervals, to hERG channel blockers differed greatly from non-responders to excessive responders in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte clusters. Thus, we report a novel method of selecting clusters suitable for evaluating compounds for the assessment. Clusters were treated with cisapride, a hERG channel blocker, at 100nM, and selected with criteria of 5-20% of corrected FPD (FPDc) prolongation. Then, selected clusters were treated with reference compounds. FPDc was prolonged by blockade of the hERG channel (E-4031 and dl-sotalol) and KvLQT1 channel (chromanol 293B and HMR1556), and by activation of the sodium channel (veratridine) and calcium channel (Bay K8644). FPDc was shortened by calcium channel blockage (verapamil, nifedipine and diltiazem) and by K(ATP) channel activation (pinacidil). Class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs, quinidine and disopyramide, prolonged FPDc. Selected clusters are appropriate for assessing the effects of compounds on ion channels affecting QT intervals. This is the first report of the establishment of an assessment system of potential to influence QT interval, using pharmacologically selected clusters.